{"id":50510,"date":"2023-02-17T20:35:42","date_gmt":"2023-02-17T19:35:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/?post_type=cpt_aktualne_spravy&#038;p=50510"},"modified":"2023-02-20T12:26:54","modified_gmt":"2023-02-20T11:26:54","slug":"mikroorganizmy-kluc-k-pochopeniu-biosyntezy-hypericinu","status":"publish","type":"cpt_aktualne_spravy","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/actual-news\/mikroorganizmy-kluc-k-pochopeniu-biosyntezy-hypericinu\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>Mikroorganizmy: k\u013e\u00fa\u010d k\u00a0pochopeniu biosynt\u00e9zy hyperic\u00ednu?<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kolekt\u00edv <strong>Katedry genetiky \u00dastavu biologick\u00fdch a&nbsp;ekologick\u00fdch<\/strong> vied Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty Univerzity P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rika v&nbsp;Ko\u0161iciach <strong>pod veden\u00edm prof. RNDr. Evy \u010cell\u00e1rovej, DrSc.<\/strong> sa u\u017e dlh\u00e9 roky <strong>venuje<\/strong><strong> v\u00fdskumu pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok s&nbsp;v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm farmakologick\u00fdm a&nbsp;terapeutick\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lom<\/strong>. Ide hlavne o&nbsp;bioakt\u00edvne antrachin\u00f3ny, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm hyperic\u00edn, ktor\u00fdch jedin\u00fdm producentom v&nbsp;rastlinnej r\u00ed\u0161i s\u00fa niektor\u00ed z\u00e1stupcovia rodu <em>Hypericum<\/em>. Ich najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1stupcom, ktor\u00fd v&nbsp;s\u00fa\u010dasnosti zais\u0165uje dostupnos\u0165 hyperic\u00ednu a&nbsp;\u010fal\u0161\u00edch bioakt\u00edvnych l\u00e1tok na svetovom trhu je <em>Hypericum perforatum<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Okrem rastl\u00edn reprezentovan\u00fdch predov\u0161etk\u00fdm z\u00e1stupcami rodu <em>Hypericum<\/em> s\u00fa antrachin\u00f3ny vr\u00e1tane hyperic\u00ednu a&nbsp;jeho predpokladan\u00fdch prekurzorov, emod\u00ednu, emod\u00edn antr\u00f3nu, skyr\u00ednu a&nbsp;\u010fal\u0161\u00edch roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 v&nbsp;hub\u00e1ch i&nbsp;fung\u00e1lnych endofytoch, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytuj\u00fa vo vz\u00e1jomne prospe\u0161nom vz\u0165ahu v&nbsp;rastlinn\u00fdch hostite\u013eoch.<\/strong> Biosyntetick\u00e9 g\u00e9ny antrachin\u00f3nov a&nbsp;regula\u010dn\u00e9 sekvencie s\u00fa vo fung\u00e1lnych gen\u00f3moch zoskupen\u00e9 do klastrov a&nbsp;pom\u00e1haj\u00fa odha\u013eova\u0165 fundament\u00e1lne aspekty ich genetickej a&nbsp;regula\u010dnej funkcie na genomickej \u00farovni. Pochopenie mechanizmov genetickej a&nbsp;epigenetickej regul\u00e1cie antrachin\u00f3nov\u00fdch biosyntetick\u00fdch g\u00e9nov\u00fdch klastrov a&nbsp; sp\u00f4sobov ich aktiv\u00e1cie vo fung\u00e1lnych endofytoch je nielen cestou k&nbsp;pochopeniu biosynt\u00e9zy antrachin\u00f3nov v&nbsp;rastlin\u00e1ch, ale tie\u017e potenci\u00e1lom pre ich perspekt\u00edvnu biotechnologick\u00fa produkciu v&nbsp;jednoduchom eukaryotickom syst\u00e9me.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image_49c575-16 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image_49c575-16\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"795\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-4-17022023.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-50552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-4-17022023.jpg 795w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-4-17022023-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-4-17022023-768x553.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Biosynt\u00e9za antrachin\u00f3nov v&nbsp;hub\u00e1ch, bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1ch a rastlin\u00e1ch pomocou PKS (polyketid synt\u00e1za) typu I (a), II (b) a&nbsp;III (c).<\/strong> PKS zodpoved\u00e1 za kondenz\u00e1ciu acyl CoAs (spravidla acetyl-CoA) so 7 molekulami malonyl-CoA za vzniku line\u00e1rneho polyketidov\u00e9ho re\u0165azca. Folding, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledkom je z\u00e1kladn\u00fd antrachin\u00f3nov\u00fd skelet v&nbsp;bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1ch sa l\u00ed\u0161i od foldingu v&nbsp;hub\u00e1ch a&nbsp; rastlin\u00e1ch (d). G\u00e9ny v&nbsp; bakteri\u00e1lnych (actinorhodin) a &nbsp;fung\u00e1lnych (endocrocin) biosyntetick\u00fdch g\u00e9nov\u00fdch klastroch (antiSMASH datab\u00e1za) (e). Pr\u00edklady antrachin\u00f3nov a&nbsp;bisantrachin\u00f3nov (f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SAT- starter unit ACP transacylase<br>AT- acyltransferase<br>KS &#8211; ketosynthase<br>CLF &#8211; chain length factor<br>PT- product template<br>ACP &#8211; acyl carrier protein<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odli\u0161n\u00e9 skupiny antrachin\u00f3nov produkovan\u00e9 viacer\u00fdmi fylogeneticky vzdialen\u00fdmi skupinami organizmov evokuj\u00fa viacero ot\u00e1zok. Ktor\u00e9 g\u00e9ny a&nbsp;nimi k\u00f3dovan\u00e9 enz\u00fdmy polyketidovej biosyntetickej dr\u00e1hy s\u00fa evolu\u010dne konzervovan\u00fdmi ortol\u00f3gmi a&nbsp;ak\u00e9 zmeny v&nbsp;gen\u00f3moch sa v&nbsp;priebehu evol\u00facie podie\u013eali na \u0161irokom spektre antrachin\u00f3nov, ako ich pozn\u00e1me dnes? Prib\u00fadaj\u00face poznatky o&nbsp;organiz\u00e1cii gen\u00f3mov n\u00e1m odha\u013euj\u00fa, \u017ee polyketidov\u00e9 biosyntetick\u00e9 g\u00e9ny v&nbsp;bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1ch a&nbsp;hub\u00e1ch s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v&nbsp;klastroch, ale d\u00e1ta o&nbsp;organiz\u00e1cii polyketidov\u00fdch g\u00e9nov v&nbsp;rastlinn\u00fdch gen\u00f3moch s\u00fa vz\u00e1cne. <strong>\u010eal\u0161\u00edm d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm aspektom je komunik\u00e1cia medzi symbiotick\u00fdmi organizmami a&nbsp;ich rastlinn\u00fdmi hostite\u013emi a&nbsp;jej vplyv na biosyntetick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l.<\/strong> Je naozaj potrebn\u00e9 pre perspekt\u00edvnu biotechnologick\u00fa produkciu objasni\u0165 kompletn\u00fa biosyntetick\u00fa dr\u00e1hu alebo sk\u00f4r koncentrova\u0165 \u00fasilie na k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 reakcie potrebn\u00e9 pre vyu\u017eitie pr\u00edstupov syntetickej biol\u00f3gie?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u010cl\u00e1nok vznikol v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdskumu Nitesh Kumar&nbsp;Munda z Indie,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9ho post-doktorandsk\u00fa poz\u00edciu na na\u0161ej fakulte podporila UPJ\u0160 v Ko\u0161iciach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Viac v&nbsp;publik\u00e1cii N. K. Munda, postdoktoranda na Katedre genetiky a&nbsp;E. \u010cell\u00e1rovej:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mund, NK. &amp; \u010cell\u00e1rov\u00e1, E.: Recent Advances in the identification of biosynthetic genes and gene clusters of the polyketide-derived pathways for anthraquinone biosynthesis and biotechnological applications. Biotechnological Advances 63 (2023) 108104<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery .kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c{margin:-2px;}.kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c .kadence-blocks-gallery-item{padding:2px;}.kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kb-gal-image-radius{border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;;}.kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner .kadence-blocks-gallery-item__caption{font-size:15px;color:#000000;}.kb-gallery-caption-style-cover-hover.kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner .kadence-blocks-gallery-item__caption, .kb-gallery-caption-style-below.kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner .kadence-blocks-gallery-item__caption{background:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery kb-gallery-wrap-id-_71caba-7c\"><ul class=\"kb-gallery-ul kb-gallery-type-masonry kb-masonry-init kb-gallery-id-_71caba-7c kb-gallery-caption-style-below kb-gallery-filter-none\" data-item-selector=\".kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" data-image-filter=\"none\" data-lightbox-caption=\"true\" data-columns-xxl=\"1\" data-columns-xl=\"1\" data-columns-lg=\"1\" data-columns-md=\"1\" data-columns-sm=\"1\" data-columns-xs=\"1\"><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kb-gallery-item-has-link kadence-blocks-gallery-item-has-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2023.108104\" class=\"kb-gallery-item-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\" style=\"max-width:693px\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic\" style=\"padding-bottom:64.35786435786436%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-2-17022023.jpg\" width=\"693\" height=\"446\" alt=\"\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-2-17022023.jpg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-2-17022023.jpg\" data-id=\"50514\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/?attachment_id=50514\" data-custom-link=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2023.108104\" data-custom-link-target=\"_blank\" data-sponsored=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-2-17022023.jpg 693w, https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/app\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2023\/02\/VMS-mikroorganizmy-2-17022023-300x193.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item__caption\"><strong>Viac \u00bb<\/strong><\/div><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kolekt\u00edv Katedry genetiky \u00dastavu biologick\u00fdch a ekologick\u00fdch vied Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty Univerzity P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rika v Ko\u0161iciach pod veden\u00edm prof. RNDr. Evy \u010cell\u00e1rovej, DrSc. sa u\u017e dlh\u00e9 roky venuje v\u00fdskumu pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm farmakologick\u00fdm a terapeutick\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lom.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":50511,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":2,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}"},"categories":[],"tags":[],"tax_aktuality":[],"class_list":["post-50510","cpt_aktualne_spravy","type-cpt_aktualne_spravy","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"acf_link_na_externy_obsah":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mikroorganizmy: k\u013e\u00fa\u010d k\u00a0pochopeniu biosynt\u00e9zy hyperic\u00ednu? - Pr\u00edrodovedeck\u00e1 fakulta | UPJ\u0160<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/actual-news\/mikroorganizmy-kluc-k-pochopeniu-biosyntezy-hypericinu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mikroorganizmy: k\u013e\u00fa\u010d k\u00a0pochopeniu biosynt\u00e9zy hyperic\u00ednu? - Pr\u00edrodovedeck\u00e1 fakulta | UPJ\u0160\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kolekt\u00edv Katedry genetiky \u00dastavu biologick\u00fdch a ekologick\u00fdch vied Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty Univerzity P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rika v Ko\u0161iciach pod veden\u00edm prof. 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