{"id":16484,"date":"2021-01-13T15:34:29","date_gmt":"2021-01-13T15:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/actual-news\/24146\/"},"modified":"2022-09-28T12:16:55","modified_gmt":"2022-09-28T12:16:55","slug":"24146","status":"publish","type":"cpt_aktualne_spravy","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/actual-news\/24146\/","title":{"rendered":"Gen\u00f3m \u013eubovn\u00edka do posledn\u00e9ho p\u00edsmena"},"content":{"rendered":"
Jedn\u00fdm z pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov farmakodynamicky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 patria dlhodobo k naj\u017eiadanej\u0161\u00edm\u00a0na svetovom trhu, je jedna z\u00a0najdlh\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch lie\u010div\u00fdch rastl\u00edn \u013eubovn\u00edk bodkovan\u00fd <\/strong>– Hypericum perforatum<\/em>. Napriek vysok\u00e9mu komer\u010dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1ujmu a evidentn\u00fdm bioakt\u00edvnym \u00fa\u010dinkom molekulov\u00e9 z\u00e1klady biosynt\u00e9zy profiluj\u00facich sekund\u00e1rnych metabolitov nie s\u00fa dostato\u010dne objasnen\u00e9. Detailn\u00e9mu \u0161t\u00fadiu br\u00e1nila aj absencia genomick\u00fdch d\u00e1t a aplik\u00e1cia pr\u00edstupov syntetickej biol\u00f3gie.<\/p>\n Kolekt\u00edv prof. RNDr. Evy \u010cell\u00e1rovej, DrSc<\/em>.<\/strong> z Katedry genetiky \u00dastavu<\/strong> biologick\u00fdch a ekologick\u00fdch vied Pr\u00edrodovedeckej fakulty Univerzity P. J. \u0160af\u00e1rika v Ko\u0161iciach<\/strong> spolu s t\u00edmom prof. Wanga<\/em> z Univerzity v meste Xi\u00b4an v \u010c\u00edne<\/strong> a v spolupr\u00e1ci s Univerzitou v Ottawe publikovali prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t genomick\u00e9 d\u00e1ta<\/strong> tohto v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho producenta farmakodynamicky \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. Spomedzi 40 kandid\u00e1tnych g\u00e9nov biosynt\u00e9zy profiluj\u00facich sekund\u00e1rnych metabolitov hyperic\u00ednu, hyperfor\u00ednu a melaton\u00ednu prin\u00e1\u0161a pr\u00e1ca v\u00fdsledky experiment\u00e1lnej funk\u010dnej valid\u00e1cie g\u00e9nu k\u00f3duj\u00faceho enz\u00fdm N-acetylseroton\u00edn-O-metyltransfer\u00e1za (ASMT), ktor\u00fd je posledn\u00fdm enz\u00fdmom v biosynt\u00e9ze melaton\u00ednu, a jeho subcelul\u00e1rnu lokaliz\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n Z uveden\u00e9ho d\u00f4vodu bola t\u00e1to pr\u00e1ca publikovan\u00e1 v renomovanom endokrinologickom \u010dasopise Journal of Pineal Research <\/em>(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpi.12709<\/a>, IF>15)<\/strong>. Tento horm\u00f3n, ktor\u00fd bol p\u00f4vodne identifikovan\u00fd v \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchoch a v \u013eudskom organizme a nesk\u00f4r aj v niektor\u00fdch rastlin\u00e1ch, je pr\u00edkladom ortol\u00f3gneho charakteru biosyntetick\u00fdch g\u00e9nov a evolu\u010dnej konzervat\u00edvnosti. Jeho funkcia v rastlin\u00e1ch je predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v odpovedi na stresov\u00e9 podmienky, \u010do potvrdili aj v\u00fdsledky tejto pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n Gen\u00f3m H. perforatum <\/em>m\u00e1 ve\u013ekos\u0165 takmer 400 Mb s pribli\u017ene 50% zast\u00fapen\u00edm repetit\u00edvnych sekvenci\u00ed, z ktor\u00fdch takmer polovicu tvoria transpoz\u00f3ny. Je zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee v gen\u00f3me H. perforatum <\/em>s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v\u0161etky kateg\u00f3rie transpoz\u00f3nov, ktor\u00e9 pozn\u00e1me aj z \u013eudsk\u00e9ho gen\u00f3mu – DNA transpoz\u00f3ny, LINE, SINE (long\/short interspersed nuclear elements<\/em>), LTR (long terminal repeats) <\/em>s prevl\u00e1daj\u00facim zast\u00fapen\u00edm LTR. Na z\u00e1klade predikci\u00ed obsahuje gen\u00f3m H. perforatum <\/em>asi 29 000 g\u00e9nov, z nich asi 20 000 je v s\u00falade s na\u0161imi predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi predikciami z transkriptomick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed. Komparat\u00edvne \u0161t\u00fadium s genomick\u00fdmi d\u00e1tami modelov\u00fdch rastl\u00edn odhalilo pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 asi 1000 g\u00e9nov\u00fdch rod\u00edn \u0161pecifick\u00fdch pre H. perforatum, <\/em>ktor\u00e9 pravdepodobne obsahuj\u00fa aj mno\u017einu g\u00e9nov, v ktor\u00fdch sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa biosyntetick\u00e9 g\u00e9ny hyperic\u00ednu, ke\u010f\u017ee tento bioakt\u00edvny metabolit je v rastlinnej r\u00ed\u0161i pr\u00edtomn\u00fd len v niektor\u00fdch z\u00e1stupcoch rodu Hypericum<\/em>.<\/p>\n Po predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich transkriptomick\u00fdch pr\u00e1cach kolekt\u00edvu a pilotnej skr\u00edningovej \u0161t\u00fadii in silico <\/em>o miRNAs a ich cie\u013eov\u00fdch sekvenci\u00e1ch v rode Hypericum <\/em>predstavuj\u00fa<\/strong> genomick\u00e9 d\u00e1ta nov\u00fd zdroj pre \u0161t\u00fadium biosyntetick\u00fdch g\u00e9nov v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch sekund\u00e1rnych metabolitov a ich genetickej a epigenetickej regul\u00e1cie s perspekt\u00edvou biotechnologickej produkcie v homol\u00f3gnych alebo heterol\u00f3gnych syst\u00e9moch.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n Obr. 1<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 Sch\u00e9ma biosynt\u00e9zy melaton\u00ednu <\/em><\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Obr. 2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0Subcelul\u00e1rna lokaliz\u00e1cia enz\u00fdmu ASMT<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n Wen Zhou, Ying Wang, Bin Li, Linda Petijov\u00e1, Suying Hu, Qian Zhang, Junfeng NiuDonghao Wang, Shiqiang Wang, Yang Dong, Eva \u010cell\u00e1rov\u00e1, Zhezhi Wang<\/em> (2020): Napriek pokrokom v\u00a0syntetickej ch\u00e9mii s\u00fa pr\u00edroda a\u00a0lie\u010div\u00e9 rastliny st\u00e1le bohat\u00fdm zdrojom l\u00e1tok pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v\u00a0prevencii a\u00a0lie\u010dbe mnoh\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed. T\u00edm katedry genetiky \u00daBEV PF UPJ\u0160 pod veden\u00edm profesorky Evy \u010cell\u00e1rovej<\/strong><\/span> sa v\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0v\u00fdskumn\u00edkmi z \u010c\u00edny a Kanady podie\u013eal na charakteriz\u00e1cii kompletn\u00e9ho gen\u00f3mu jednej z\u00a0najdlh\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch lie\u010div\u00fdch rastl\u00edn, \u013eubovn\u00edka bodkovan\u00e9ho (Hypericum perforatum<\/em>) a\u00a0na objasnen\u00ed biosyntetickej dr\u00e1hy melaton\u00ednu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd bol publikovan\u00fd v\u00a0prest\u00ed\u017enom \u010dasopise Journal of Pineal Research<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16486,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}"},"categories":[],"tags":[],"tax_aktuality":[],"class_list":["post-16484","cpt_aktualne_spravy","type-cpt_aktualne_spravy","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"acf_link_na_externy_obsah":""},"yoast_head":"\n
\nWhole\u2010genome sequence data of Hypericum perforatum and functional characterization of melatonin biosynthesis by N\u2010acetylserotonin O\u2010methyltransferase.<\/strong>
\nJournal of Pineal Re<\/em>search, 00:e1270
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpi.12709<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"