{"id":16425,"date":"2021-07-01T21:13:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T21:13:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/actual-news\/25175\/"},"modified":"2022-09-28T12:16:33","modified_gmt":"2022-09-28T12:16:33","slug":"25175","status":"publish","type":"cpt_aktualne_spravy","link":"https:\/\/www.upjs.sk\/prirodovedecka-fakulta\/actual-news\/25175\/","title":{"rendered":"Rodina p\u00f3rovit\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov UPJ\u0160 sa roz\u0161\u00edrila o dvoch nov\u00fdch \u010dlenov"},"content":{"rendered":"
Zl\u00fa\u010deniny typu metal-organic<\/strong> frameworks skr\u00e1tene MOFs<\/strong> patria do triedy hybridn\u00fdch p\u00f3rovit\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov obsahuj\u00facich anorganick\u00fa a organick\u00fa zlo\u017eku, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa navz\u00e1jom spojen\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom v\u00e4zby do trojrozmern\u00fdch polym\u00e9rnych siet\u00ed. Spolo\u010dnou charakteristikou t\u00fdchto materi\u00e1lov je pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 p\u00f3rov r\u00f4znych tvarov a ve\u013ekost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u013eubovo\u013ene meni\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od pou\u017eit\u00fdch stavebn\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek<\/strong>. Pr\u00edpravu MOF materi\u00e1lov si mo\u017eno predstavi\u0165 ako \u201enano-lego\u201c, pri ktorom \u013eubovo\u013en\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom sp\u00e1jania jednotliv\u00fdch stavebn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed mo\u017eno pripravi\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch modelov s r\u00f4znorodou architekt\u00farou a dizajnom. Pr\u00e1ve v\u010faka pr\u00edtomnosti p\u00f3rov nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa MOF zl\u00fa\u010deniny svoje uplatnenie v \u00a0oblastiach ako adsorpcia a delenie plynov, katal\u00fdza, nosi\u010de lie\u010div, i\u00f3nomeni\u010de, senzory, magnetick\u00e9 chladi\u010de a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie, ktor\u00fdm sa venujeme aj na Katedre anorganickej ch\u00e9mie PF UPJ\u0160 v Ko\u0161iciach<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Hlavnou oblas\u0165ou vyu\u017eitia MOF materi\u00e1lov <\/strong>v\u0161ak v\u017edy bola a je, adsorpcia plynov. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je v\u00fdskum t\u00fdchto zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch p\u00f3rovit\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov orientovan\u00fd aj na adsorpciu plynov sp\u00f4sobuj\u00facich glob\u00e1lne otep\u013eovanie, tzv. \u201esklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov\u201c. Medzi sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny patr\u00ed predov\u0161etk\u00fdm oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, met\u00e1n, oxidy dus\u00edka, fre\u00f3ny a vodn\u00e1 para. Zvy\u0161uj\u00faca sa koncentr\u00e1cia t\u00fdchto plynov v atmosf\u00e9re sp\u00f4sobuje postupn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovanie teploty na plan\u00e9te, s ktorou s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 viacer\u00e9 nepriazniv\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 zmeny a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 transform\u00e1cie geografick\u00fdch prvkov. Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd je hlavn\u00fdm produktom spa\u013eovania fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv, v\u00fdroby elektrickej energie a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch antropog\u00e9nnych \u010dinnost\u00ed. Met\u00e1n je 80-kr\u00e1t silnej\u0161\u00edm sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm plynom, ako CO2 a jeho emisie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 \u010dlovekom r\u00fdchlo rast\u00fa. Zdrojom met\u00e1nu je predov\u0161etk\u00fdm po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo, najm\u00e4 \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161na v\u00fdroba, fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1 a odpad z dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Z uveden\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov je v\u00fdskum p\u00f3rovit\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov zameran\u00fd na selekt\u00edvnu adsorpciu sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov a touto cestou nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa p\u00f3rovit\u00e9 koordina\u010dn\u00e9 polym\u00e9ry svoje vyu\u017eitie a uplatnenie aj v environment\u00e1lnej oblasti.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n V jednom z predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich pr\u00edspevkov, koncom roku 2020, bola predstaven\u00e1 skratka UPJ\u0160, nielen ako skratka na\u0161ej univerzity, ale aj ako skratka MOF materi\u00e1lov, ktor\u00e9 boli pripraven\u00e9 na Katedre anorganickej ch\u00e9mie. Tentokr\u00e1t V\u00e1m chceme predstavi\u0165 dva nov\u00e9 p\u00f3rovit\u00e9 koordina\u010dn\u00e9 polym\u00e9ry, ktor\u00e9 pribudli do rodiny UPJ\u0160 materi\u00e1lov. V j\u00fani 2021 doc. RNDr. Miroslav Alm\u00e1\u0161i, PhD<\/em><\/strong>. a kolekt\u00edv publikovali<\/strong> v\u00fdsledky svojej pr\u00e1ce \u00a0v prest\u00ed\u017enom britskom \u010dasopise RSC Advances<\/strong>. V \u0161t\u00fadii s\u00fa op\u00edsan\u00e9 a charakterizovan\u00e9 dve nov\u00e9 amorfn\u00e9 MOF zl\u00fa\u010deniny obsahuj\u00face zino\u010dnat\u00e9 (UPJS-13<\/strong>) a kademnat\u00e9 (UPJS-14<\/strong>) kati\u00f3ny. V publik\u00e1cii je taktie\u017e op\u00edsan\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 organick\u00e1 synt\u00e9za tetrakarboxylovej tetra\u00e9drickej kyseliny (H4MTA) a jej n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie pri synt\u00e9ze samotn\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn UPJS-13<\/strong> a UPJS-14<\/strong>. V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 p\u00f3rovit\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly boli testovan\u00e9 ako adsorbenty sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov, met\u00e1nu a oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho pri vysok\u00fdch tlakoch. Zl\u00fa\u010deniny vykazovali vysok\u00e9 skladovacie kapacity vo\u010di obom sklen\u00edkov\u00fdm plynom: 30,0 hm.% CO2 a 4,8 hm.% CH4 pre UPJS-13<\/strong> a 24,6 hm.% CO2 a 6,4 hm.% CH4 pre UPJS-14<\/strong> pri teplote 30\u00b0C a tlaku 20 bar. Dosiahnut\u00e9 hodnoty adsorbovan\u00fdch mno\u017estiev plynov mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za ve\u013emi vysok\u00e9 a prevy\u0161uj\u00fa in\u00e9 MOF materi\u00e1ly pripraven\u00e9 na zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch pracovisk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n Aj prostredn\u00edctvom uveden\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu sa sna\u017e\u00edme prispie\u0165 k zni\u017eovaniu emisi\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho a met\u00e1nu v atmosf\u00e9re a taktie\u017e prispie\u0165 k dosiahnutiu cie\u013ea E\u00da k 55% zn\u00ed\u017eeniu emisi\u00ed do roku 2030. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Poh\u013ead na stavebn\u00e9 zlo\u017eky, kyselina H4MTA a zino\u010dnat\u00e9\/kademnat\u00e9 kati\u00f3ny, ktor\u00e9 boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 na pr\u00edpravu v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov UPJS-13 a UPJS-14. Adsorp\u010dn\u00e9 izotermy z\u00edskan\u00e9 z vysokotlakov\u00fdch adsorp\u010dn\u00fdch meran\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov, oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho a met\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n doc. RNDr. Miroslav Alm\u00e1\u0161i, PhD. S\u00favisiace odkazy:<\/strong><\/em> Koncom roku 2020 bola skratka UPJ\u0160 predstaven\u00e1 nielen ako skratka na\u0161ej univerzity, ale aj ako skratka MOF materi\u00e1lov<\/strong><\/span>, ktor\u00e9 boli pripraven\u00e9 na Katedre anorganickej ch\u00e9mie. Aktu\u00e1lne k nim pribudli dva nov\u00e9 p\u00f3rovit\u00e9 koordina\u010dn\u00e9 polym\u00e9ry, ktor\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00edrili rodinu UPJ\u0160 materi\u00e1lov. V\u00fdsledky svojej pr\u00e1ce doc. RNDr. Miroslav Alm\u00e1\u0161i, PhD. a kolekt\u00edv<\/strong><\/span> publikovali v prest\u00ed\u017enom britskom \u010dasopise RSC Advances<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16426,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}"},"categories":[],"tags":[],"tax_aktuality":[],"class_list":["post-16425","cpt_aktualne_spravy","type-cpt_aktualne_spravy","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"acf_link_na_externy_obsah":""},"yoast_head":"\n
\nKatedra anorganickej ch\u00e9mie
\n\u00dastav chemick\u00fdch vied
\nPr\u00edrodovedeck\u00e1 fakulta UPJ\u0160 v Ko\u0161iciach
\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
\nM. Alm\u00e1\u0161i, N. Kir\u00e1ly, V. Zele\u0148\u00e1k, M. Vilkov\u00e1, S. Bourrelly, Zinc(II) and cadmium(II) amorphous metal-organic frameworks (aMOFs): study of activation process and high-pressure adsorption of greenhouse gases, RSC Adv., 11 (2021) 20137-20150, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D1RA02938J
\n\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"